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The group of scientists under the supervision of E. Snegina, A. Sychova and A. Shapovalova analyzed the shells of ground snails at the south of Central Russian Upland. Approximately 3290 years ago these shells cracked from some great pressure, but snails managed to regenerate it. The scientists think that in the steeps only hooved animals can cause such damage.

The scientists studied injuries of modern snails from beef cattle and compared them. They decided that near 4000 years ago the steppe was full of cattle. The detailed article was published in «» magazine.